The IEA Model of Short-term Energy Security

The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. Its primary mandate was – and is – twofold: to promote energy security amongst its member countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28 member countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy cooperation among its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports. The Agency's aims include the following objectives:  Secure member countries' access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular, through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions.  Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection in a global context – particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute to climate change.  Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of energy data.  Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy effi ciency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.  Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement and dialogue with non-member countries, industry, international organisations and other stakeholders. The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA. Please note that this publication is subject to specii c restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at Overview Ensuring energy security has been at the centre of the IEA mission since its inception. Founded in response to the oil crisis of 1973, the IEA initially focused on oil supply security. While the security of oil supplies remains important, contemporary energy security policies must address all energy sources and cover a comprehensive range of natural, economic and political risks that affect different energy sources, infrastructures and services. Due to this greater complexity, rigorous and comprehensive analysis of national energy security is increasingly important for informing energy policies. In response to this challenge, the IEA is currently developing a Model of Short‐Term Energy Security (MOSES), which evaluates and compares the energy security of IEA countries. MOSES does not rank countries from most to least secure; it defines countries' energy security profiles and groups countries with similar combinations of risks and resilience factors. This …